language/oop5/static.xml
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3c831023489be0c64268882d5b656149140d6f8b
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This page describes the use of the <literal>static</literal> keyword to
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define static methods and properties. <literal>static</literal> can also
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be used to
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<link linkend="language.variables.scope.static">define static variables</link>
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<link linkend="language.variables.scope.static">define static variables</link>,
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<link linkend="functions.anonymous-functions.static">define static anonymous functions</link>
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and for
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<link linkend="language.oop5.late-static-bindings">late static bindings</link>.
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Please refer to those pages for information on those meanings of
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<para>
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Declaring class properties or methods as static makes them accessible
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without needing an instantiation of the class. A property declared as
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static cannot be accessed with an instantiated class object (though
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a static method can).
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without needing an instantiation of the class.
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These can also be accessed statically within an instantiated class object.
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</para>
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<sect2 xml:id="language.oop5.static.methods">
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<para>
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Because static methods are callable without an instance of
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the object created, the pseudo-variable <varname>$this</varname> is
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not available inside the method declared as static.
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not available inside methods declared as static.
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</para>
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<warning>
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Calling non-static methods statically throws an <classname>Error</classname>.
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</para>
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<para>
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Prior to PHP 8.0.0, calling non-static methods statically is deprecated, and will
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generate an <constant>E_DEPRECATED</constant> warning.
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Prior to PHP 8.0.0, calling non-static methods statically were deprecated, and
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generated an <constant>E_DEPRECATED</constant> warning.
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</para>
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</warning>
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<title>Static properties</title>
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<para>
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Static properties cannot be accessed through the object using the arrow
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operator ->.
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</para>
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<para>
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Like any other PHP static variable, static properties may be
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initialized with the same rules apply as &const;
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expressions: some limited expressions are possible, provided they can be
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evaluated at compile time.
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Static properties are accessed using the
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<link linkend="language.oop5.paamayim-nekudotayim">Scope Resolution Operator</link>
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(<literal>::</literal>) and cannot be accessed through the object operator
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(<literal>-></literal>).
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</para>
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<para>
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?>
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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&example.outputs.8.similar;
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<screen>
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<![CDATA[
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foo
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foo
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Notice: Accessing static property Foo::$my_static as non static in /in/V0Rvv on line 23
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Warning: Undefined property: Foo::$my_static in /in/V0Rvv on line 23
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foo
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foo
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foo
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foo
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]]>
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</screen>
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</example>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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