install/unix/debian.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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<!-- $Revision$ -->
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<sect1 xml:id="install.unix.debian" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<title>Debian GNU/Linux installation notes</title>
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<title>Installing from packages on Debian GNU/Linux and related distributions</title>
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<para>
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This section contains notes and hints specific to installing
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PHP on <link xlink:href="&url.debian;">Debian GNU/Linux</link>.
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While PHP can be installed from source, it is also available through
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packages from <link xlink:href="&url.debian;">Debian GNU/Linux</link>.
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This is also true for other distributions based on Debian, such as
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Ubuntu, Kali Linux, and Linux Mint.
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</para>
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<warning>
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<para>
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Unofficial builds from third-parties are not supported here. Any bugs
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should be reported to the Debian team unless they can be reproduced using
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the latest builds from our <link xlink:href="&url.php.downloads;">download
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area</link>.
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</para>
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</warning>
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&warn.install.third-party-support;
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<para>
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While the instructions for building PHP on Unix apply to Debian as well,
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this manual page contains specific information for other options, such as
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using either the <literal>apt-get</literal> or <literal>aptitude</literal>
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commands. This manual page uses these two commands interchangeably.
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The packages can be installed using either the <command>apt</command> or
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<command>aptitude</command> commands. This manual page uses these two
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commands interchangeably.
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</para>
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<sect2 xml:id="install.unix.debian.apt">
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<title>Using APT</title>
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<simpara>
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First, note that other related packages may be desired like
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<literal>libapache2-mod-php5</literal> to integrate with Apache 2, and
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<literal>libapache-mod-php</literal> to integrate with Apache 2, and
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<literal>php-pear</literal> for PEAR.
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</simpara>
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<simpara>
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Second, before installing a package, it's wise to ensure the package list
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is up to date. Typically, this is done by running the command
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<command>apt-get update</command>.
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<command>apt update</command>.
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</simpara>
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<example xml:id="install.unix.debian.apt.example">
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<title>Debian Install Example with Apache 2</title>
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<programlisting role="shell">
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<![CDATA[
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# apt-get install php5-common libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli
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# apt install php-common libapache2-mod-php php-cli
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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<simpara>
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APT will automatically install the PHP 5 module for Apache 2 and all of its
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APT will automatically install the PHP module for Apache 2 and all of its
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dependencies, and then activate it. Apache should be restarted in order for
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the changes take place. For example:
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</simpara>
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<link linkend="book.mysql">MySQL</link>,
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<link linkend="book.curl">cURL</link>,
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<link linkend="book.image">GD</link>,
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etc. These may also be installed via the <literal>apt-get</literal> command.
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etc. These may also be installed via the <command>apt</command> command.
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</simpara>
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<example xml:id="install.unix.debian.config.example">
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<title>Methods for listing additional PHP 5 packages</title>
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<title>Methods for listing additional PHP packages</title>
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<programlisting role="shell">
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<![CDATA[
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# apt-cache search php5
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# aptitude search php5
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# aptitude search php5 |grep -i mysql
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# apt-cache search php
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# apt search php | grep -i mysql
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# aptitude search php
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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<simpara>
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The examples will show a lot of packages including several PHP specific ones
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like php5-cgi, php5-cli and php5-dev. Determine which are needed
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and install them like any other with either <literal>apt-get</literal>
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or <literal>aptitude</literal>. And because Debian performs
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dependency checks, it'll prompt for those so for example to install
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MySQL and cURL:
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The list of packages will include a large number of packages that includes
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basic PHP components, such as <literal>php-cgi</literal>,
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<literal>php-cli</literal>, and <literal>php-dev</literal>, as well as
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many PHP extensions. When extensions are installed, additional packages
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will be automatically installed as necessary to satisfy the dependencies
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of those packages.
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</simpara>
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<example xml:id="install.unix.debian.config.example2">
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<title>Install PHP with MySQL, cURL</title>
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<programlisting role="shell">
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<![CDATA[
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# apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl
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# apt install php-mysql php-curl
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]]>
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</programlisting>
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</example>
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<simpara>
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APT will automatically add the appropriate lines to the
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different &php.ini; related files like
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<filename>/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/php5/conf.d/pdo.ini</filename>, etc. and depending on
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<filename>/etc/php/7.4/php.ini</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/php/7.4/conf.d/*.ini</filename>, etc. and depending on
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the extension will add entries similar to <literal>extension=foo.so</literal>.
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However, restarting the web server (like Apache) is required before these
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changes take affect.
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server was restarted after installation.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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There are two basic commands for installing packages on Debian (and other
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linux variants): <literal>apt-get</literal> and <literal>aptitude</literal>.
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However, explaining the subtle differences between these commands goes
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beyond the scope of this manual.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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