appendices/reserved.xml
010542d1dcb9b1d5cd397a77ed580e50de25aca7
010542d1dcb9b1d5cd397a77ed580e50de25aca7
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<simpara>
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These words have special meaning in PHP. Some of them represent things
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which look like functions, some look like constants, and so on - but
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they're not, really: they are language constructs. You cannot use any
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of the following words as constants, class names, function or method names.
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Using them as variable names is generally OK, but could lead to confusion.
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</simpara>
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<simpara>
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As of PHP 7.0.0 these keywords are allowed as property, constant, and
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they're not, really: they are language constructs.
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The following words cannot be used as constants, class names, or function names.
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They are, however, allowed as property, constant, and
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method names of classes, interfaces and traits, except that
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<literal>class</literal> may not be used as constant name.
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</simpara>
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<link linkend="control-structures.break">break</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
<link linkend="language.types.callable">callable</link> (as of PHP 5.4)
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<link linkend="language.types.callable">callable</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="control-structures.switch">case</link>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.final">final</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.exceptions">finally</link> (as of PHP 5.5)
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<link linkend="language.exceptions">finally</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="functions.arrow">fn</link> (as of PHP 7.4)
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<link linkend="language.variables.scope">global</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
<link linkend="control-structures.goto">goto</link> (as of PHP 5.3)
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<link linkend="control-structures.goto">goto</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="control-structures.if">if</link>
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@@ -177,7 +174,7 @@
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<link linkend="language.operators.type">instanceof</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.traits.conflict">insteadof</link> (as of PHP 5.4)
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<link linkend="language.oop5.traits.conflict">insteadof</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.interfaces">interface</link>
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<function>list</function>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.namespaces">namespace</link> (as of PHP 5.3)
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&match; (as of PHP 8.0)
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
<link linkend="language.oop5.basic.new">new</link>
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<link linkend="language.namespaces">namespace</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.operators.logical">or</link>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.basic.new">new</link>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.operators.logical">or</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<function>print</function>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.visibility">public</link>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.properties.readonly-properties">readonly</link> (as of PHP 8.1.0) *
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<function>require</function>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<function>require_once</function>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.variables.scope">static</link>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="control-structures.switch">switch</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.exceptions">throw</link>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.traits">trait</link> (as of PHP 5.4)
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<link linkend="language.oop5.traits">trait</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.exceptions">try</link>
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<entry>
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<function>unset</function>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.namespaces">use</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.oop5.properties">var</link>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="control-structures.while">while</link>
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</entry>
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<link linkend="language.operators.logical">xor</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
<link linkend="language.generators">yield</link> (as of PHP 5.5)
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-
</entry>
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-
<entry>
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-
<link linkend="control-structures.yield.from">yield from</link> (as of PHP 7.0)
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<link linkend="language.generators">yield</link>
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="control-structures.yield.from">yield from</link>
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</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<simpara>
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* <literal>readonly</literal> may be used as function name.
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</simpara>
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<table>
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<title>Compile-time constants</title>
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<tgroup cols="5">
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<link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__CLASS__</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
<link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__DIR__</link> (as of PHP 5.3)
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+
<link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__DIR__</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__FILE__</link>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.namespaces.nsconstants">__NAMESPACE__</link> (as of PHP 5.3)
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<link linkend="language.namespaces.nsconstants">__NAMESPACE__</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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<link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__TRAIT__</link> (as of PHP 5.4)
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<link linkend="language.constants.predefined">__TRAIT__</link>
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</entry>
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<entry>
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</entry>
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<term><classname>stdClass</classname></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Created by <link linkend="language.types.object.casting">typecasting
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to object</link>.
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A generic empty class created as a result of
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<link linkend="language.types.object.casting">typecasting
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to object</link> or various standard functions.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 xml:id="reserved.classes.php5">
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<title>Predefined classes as of PHP 5</title>
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-
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<simpara>
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These additional predefined classes were introduced in
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PHP 5.0.0.
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</simpara>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><classname>Exception</classname></term>
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<listitem>
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<term><classname>ErrorException</classname></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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Available since PHP 5.1.0.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 xml:id="reserved.classes.closure">
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<title>Closure</title>
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-
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<simpara>
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The predefined final class <classname>Closure</classname> was introduced
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in PHP 5.3.0. It is used for representing <link
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linkend="functions.anonymous">anonymous functions</link>.
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</simpara>
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<simpara>
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For more information, see its <link linkend="class.closure">class
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page</link>.
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</simpara>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 xml:id="reserved.classes.generator">
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<title>Generator</title>
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<simpara>
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The predefined final class <classname>Generator</classname> was introduced
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in PHP 5.5.0. It is used for representing <link
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linkend="language.generators">generators</link>.
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</simpara>
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<simpara>
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For more information, see its <link linkend="class.generator">class
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page</link>.
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</simpara>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 xml:id="reserved.classes.php7">
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<title>Predefined interfaces and classes as of PHP 7</title>
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<simpara>
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These additional predefined interfaces and classes were introduced in
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PHP 7.0.0.
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</simpara>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><classname>Closure</classname></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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The predefined final class <classname>Closure</classname>
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is used for representing <link
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linkend="functions.anonymous">anonymous functions</link>.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><classname>Generator</classname></term>
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<listitem>
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<simpara>
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The predefined final class <classname>Generator</classname>
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is used for representing <link
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linkend="language.generators">generators</link>.
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</simpara>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><classname>ArithmeticError</classname></term>
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<listitem>
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<sect1 xml:id="reserved.other-reserved-words">
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<title>List of other reserved words</title>
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<simpara>
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The following words cannot be used to name a class, interface or trait, and
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they are also prohibited from being used in namespaces.
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The following words cannot be used to name a class, interface or trait.
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Prior to PHP 8.0, they are also prohibited from being used in namespaces.
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</simpara>
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<para>
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<table>
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<title>Reserved words</title>
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-
<tgroup cols="5">
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<tgroup cols="4">
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>
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int (as of PHP 7)
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int
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
float (as of PHP 7)
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float
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
bool (as of PHP 7)
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bool
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</entry>
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<entry>
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-
string (as of PHP 7)
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string
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</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>
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true (as of PHP 7)
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true
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</entry>
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<entry>
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false (as of PHP 7)
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false
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</entry>
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<entry>
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null (as of PHP 7)
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null
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</entry>
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<entry>
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void (as of PHP 7.1)
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<entry>
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object (as of PHP 7.2)
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</entry>
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<entry>
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mixed (as of PHP 8.0)
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</entry>
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<entry>
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never (as of PHP 8.1)
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</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</para>
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<para>
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The following list of words have had soft reservations placed on them.
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Whilst they may still be used as class, interface, and trait names (as well
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as in namespaces), usage of them is highly discouraged since they may be
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Whilst they may still be used as class, interface, and trait names
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usage of them is highly discouraged since they may be
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used in future versions of PHP.
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</para>
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<para>
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<table>
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<title>Soft reserved words</title>
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<tgroup cols="5">
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<tgroup cols="4">
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>
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-
resource (as of PHP 7)
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enum
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</entry>
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<entry>
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mixed (as of PHP 7)
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resource
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</entry>
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<entry>
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numeric (as of PHP 7)
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numeric
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</entry>
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<entry>
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</entry>
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